NTFS recovery — New Technology File System
designed for Windows 7, Vista, XP, 2008, 2003, 2000, NT.

NTFS is a high-performance and self-healing file system proprietary to Windows XP Vista 2003 2000 NT & Windows 7, which supports file-level security, compression and auditing. It also supports large volumes and powerful storage solution such as RAID. 
The most important new feature of NTFS is the ability to encrypt files and folders to protect your sensitive data.

• NTFS Basics
• NTFS vs FAT vs exFAT
• NTFS Optimization
• NTFS Recovery Concepts
• NTFS Permissions
• File Storage Hardware and Disk Organization
• WinFS File System
• The FAT File System (FAT16 FAT32)
• ExFAT Info

NTFS Basics

• NTFS Partition Boot Sector
• NTFS Master File Table (MFT)
• NTFS File Types
  • NTFS File Attributes
  • NTFS System Files
  • NTFS Multiple Data Streams
  • NTFS Compressed Files
  • EFS - Encrypting File System
    • Using EFS
    • EFS Internals
    • $EFS Attribute
    • Issues with EFS
• NTFS Sparse Files
• NTFS Data Integrity and Recoverability

NTFS vs FAT vs exFAT

NTFS Optimization

NTFS Recovery Concepts

• Partition/Drive Recovery

  • MBR is damaged
  • Partition is deleted or Partition Table is damaged
  • Partition Boot Sector is damaged
  • Missing or Corrupted System Files

• NTFS File Recovery

  • Disk Scan for deleted entries
  • Defining clusters chain for the deleted entry
  • Clusters chain recovery

NTFS Permissions

• NTFS Permissions Overview

  • Setting Permissions
  • File and Folder Basic Permissions
  • File and Folder Advanced Permissions
  • Effective Permissions
  • Changing Ownership of Files and Folders
  • Moving and Copying Protected Files
  • Troubleshooting Access to Files and Shared Folders
  • Permissions for Other Objects
  • User Rights vs. NTFS Permissions
  • Share Permissions vs. NTFS Permissions
  • Explicit vs. Inherited Permissions
  • Allow vs. Deny Permissions
  • Permission Precedence
  • Combining Shared Folder Permissions and NTFS Permissions
  • Sharing and Adding Permissions
  • Backing up and Restoring NTFS Permissions on a Specified Volume
  • Off-line Access to Shared Folders (Caching)

• Metafile $Secure

  • A Brief History of NTFS
  • Structure of $Secure File
  • NTFS Security Descriptor
  • Access Control Lists in the Security Descriptor
  • How the System Uses ACLs
  • Access Control Entries
  • Security Identifier

• Appendix. Script to Backup or Restore NTFS Permissions

• Glossary

File Storage Hardware and Disk Organization

• Hard Disk Drive Basics

  • Making Tracks
  • Sectors and Clusters

• Master Boot Record (MBR)

  • Viruses Can Infect the Master Boot Record

• Partition Table

  • Boot Indicator Field
  • System ID Field
  • Starting and Ending Head, Sector, and Cylinder Field
  • Relative Sectors and Number of Sectors Fields
  • Logical Drives and Extended Partitions

• S.M.A.R.T Diagnostic Technology

  • S.M.A.R.T Background
  • S.M.A.R.T History and Predecessors
  • S.M.A.R.T Information
  • S.M.A.R.T Standards and Implementation
  • S.M.A.R.T Attributes
  • SMART Monitor

WinFS File System

• WinFS Overview

• Why WinFS

• WinFS Architecture

  • WinFS Technology
  • WinFS Types and Extensibility
  • WinFS Synchronization

• WinFS for Developers

• WinFS Availability

• WinFS Resources

The FAT File System

• FAT Partition Boot Sector

• File Allocation System

• FAT Root Folder

• FAT Folder Structure

  • Filenames on FAT Volumes
  • Example of Folder Entries for the long filename

• FAT32 Features

  • File System Specifications
  • Boot Sector and Bootstrap Modifications
  • FAT Mirroring
  • FAT32 Partition Types
  • s_partition (FAT32)

ExFAT overview 

• exFAT vs. FAT32 Comparison

• Volume Layout

• Boot Sector

  • Extended Boot Sector

• OEM Parameters

  • OEM Parameter Record
  • OEM Parameter Record. Boot Checksum

• File Allocation Table (FAT)

  • Cluster Heap

• Allocation Bitmap

• Up-case Table

  • Mandatory First 128 Up-case Table Entries
  • Mandatory First 128 Up-case Table Entries in compressed format

• Directory Structure

  • Generic Directory Entry Template
  • Generic Primary Directory Entry Template
  • Generic Secondary Directory Entry Template
  • Defined Directory Entries
  • Allocation Bitmap Directory Entry
  • Up-Case Table Directory Entry
  • Volume Label Directory Entry
  • File Directory Entry

• Timestamp Format

  • Time Zone Offset Table

• Volume GUID Directory Entry

  • TexFAT Padding Directory Entry
  • Windows CE Access Control Table Directory Entry
  • Stream Extension Directory Entry
  • File Name Directory Entry

• Invalid File Name Characters

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